Methodology
The site is built on two public-domain translations of the medieval texts, hosted here in full. Everything else is checked against them: 1169 quotations, 129 family relations, and a hand-check of 30 major figures against Wikipedia.
Sources and licences
- The Poetic Edda, translated by Henry Adams Bellows, New York: The American-Scandinavian Foundation, 1923. Public domain in the United States since 1 January 2019, and in countries with a 70-year term since Bellows (d. 1939). Transcription: Wikisource.
- The Prose Edda by Snorri Sturluson, translated by Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur, New York: The American-Scandinavian Foundation, 1916. Public domain in the United States (published before 1929). Brodeur died in 1971, so countries that count 70 years from the author's death protect the translation until the end of 2041; this site is published from the United States. Transcription: Wikisource.
- Wikidata (CC0): family relations and identifiers, refreshed weekly (last fetched 2026-11-07).
- Wikimedia Commons: 98 illustrations, all public domain, credited where they appear and listed below.
- Wikipedia (CC BY-SA) was used only to check facts; no Wikipedia text is reproduced.
No other translation is quoted. Modern translations (Larrington, Orchard, Faulkes, Crawford, Byock) are under copyright.
The texts
The Wikisource transcriptions (proofread against page scans of the 1916 and 1923 books) were parsed into stanzas, prose passages, chapters and notes. Bellows's stanza numbers are kept: they follow his edition, and other translations number some poems differently, especially Hávamál and the heroic lays. Brodeur's chapter numbers are his own. Each stanza (#s19), manuscript prose passage (#p3) and paragraph (#c15-2) has an anchor, so any line can be linked.
Known problems in the printed texts are left as printed and pointed out on the pages that rely on them: Brodeur prints "Fir" for the goddess Eir (Gylfaginning 35), "Janhárr" for Jafnhárr (Gylfaginning 2), "Norris" for Norns (Skáldskaparmál 31) and "soils" for "sons" (Gylfaginning 1); Bellows's "Vor" in Þrymskviða 30 stands for the goddess Vár. Bellows spells names in an anglicised form (Othin, Frigg, Njorth, Ithun, Hoth); Brodeur keeps more of the Old Norse (Odin, Njördr, Idunn, Hödr). Pages give the normalised Old Norse and list both spellings, and the site search treats þ, ð, æ and accents as optional.
Quotation check
Every quotation on an entity or myth page, and every quoted verse block, names its passage. When the site is built, each one is looked up in the hosted text and must be found there, in order, ignoring only case, punctuation and diacritics; "…" may skip words. The build also checks that every cited passage exists, that every link points to a real page, and that every family relation cites a passage that names the relative. If any check fails, nothing is published. On this build: 1169 quotations, all found.
Family relations
Each figure's parents, spouses, children and siblings were taken from the Eddas, with the passage that states each relation, and then compared with Wikidata's statements (father, mother, spouse, child, sibling) between the same figures. Siblings who share a cited parent count as attested.
| In the Eddas and on Wikidata | 110 |
|---|---|
| In the Eddas, missing from Wikidata | 19 |
| On Wikidata, not in either Edda | 15 |
The relations that do not match:
Most Wikidata-only relations come from outside the Eddas: Saxo Grammaticus marries Nanna to Höðr, for example, and later tradition gives Sigyn sisters. Some are errors: the three Norns are not called sisters in either Edda, and Loki is Odin's blood-brother in Lokasenna, not his brother. These lines are drawn in the family tree only on request, dashed, and marked "Wikidata only" on the figure's page.
Cross-check of 30 figures
For each of 30 core entities we compared four things: our page's front matter and body; the English Wikipedia article, fetched as plain text through the MediaWiki API on 2026-10-26 (the revision id is given per entity); the Wikidata family edges in data/wikidata.json; and the passages of the two hosted Eddas (Bellows's Poetic Edda, 1923; Brodeur's Prose Edda, 1916), read with gen/corpus.py. We checked every family edge and every source quote and note against the passage it cites, and checked spot claims in the body. Each finding is classed as agree, sources-conflict (the medieval texts disagree), wikipedia-differs (Wikipedia says more than, or simplifies, what the Eddas say), wikidata-wrong (an edge the Eddas don't support) or our-error (our page is wrong or overstated; these are fixed on the page). The Eddas are the arbiter; we use Wikipedia and Wikidata as cross-checks, not as authorities. Where Bellows's translation differs from the Old Norse, the finding says so.
Odin 7 findings
Father Borr, mother Bestla, brothers Vili and Vé (gylfaginning 6); wife Frigg; Jörð, Rindr and Gríðr as further consorts; sons Thor, Baldr, Höðr, Hermóðr, Váli, Víðarr, and (Skáldskaparmál only) Týr, Bragi and Heimdall. Agrees with the Eddas and Wikipedia. (Wikipedia: Odin (rev 1371073459))
- The sources disagree. Týr is Odin's son in Skáldskaparmál, but in Hymiskviða he calls the giant Hymir his father. Our page says so. Skáldskaparmál 9 Hymiskviða 5
- The sources disagree. The first humans are made by Odin, Hœnir and Lóðurr in Völuspá, by Odin, Vili and Vé in Gylfaginning. Our page says so. Völuspá 18 Gylfaginning 9
- The sources disagree. How Víðarr kills Fenrir: a sword thrust to the heart in Völuspá, tearing the jaws apart in Vafþrúðnismál and Gylfaginning. Völuspá 54 Vafþrúðnismál 53 Gylfaginning 51
- Our error, corrected. Body says Víðarr 'tears the wolf apart {vafthrudnismal 53} {voluspa 54}', but Völuspá 54 has him thrust his sword to the heart. Völuspá 54
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says Víðarr avenges Odin 'by stabbing the wolf in the heart', following Völuspá only; Vafþrúðnismál and Snorri have him tear the jaws apart. Vafþrúðnismál 53 Gylfaginning 51
- Our error, corrected. Our family list omits Heimdall, though Skáldskaparmál 8 says 'Heimdallr also is son of Odin' (heimdall.md has the edge, and so does Wikidata). The relation is one-sided. Skáldskaparmál 8
- Wikidata not supported by the Eddas. Wikidata makes Hœnir and Loki Odin's siblings. The Eddas give his brothers as Vili and Vé; Loki is a blood-brother by oath, not a sibling. Gylfaginning 6 Lokasenna 9
Thor 4 findings
Father Odin, mother Jörð; wife Sif, stepson Ullr; children Magni (by Járnsaxa), Móði, Þrúðr; brother Baldr. Agrees with the Eddas, Wikipedia and Wikidata. (Wikipedia: Thor (rev 1368276040))
- The sources disagree. Hymiskviða has Thor strike the serpent's head with the hammer; Snorri says Hymir cut the line and the serpent still lives. Our page says so. Hymiskviða 24 Gylfaginning 48
- The sources disagree. Thor claims he threw Thjazi's eyes into the sky; Snorri says Odin did it to atone to Skaði. Our page says so. Hárbarðsljóð 19 Skáldskaparmál 1
- The sources disagree. His mother is Jörð in Gylfaginning and Þrymskviða, Hlóðyn and Fjörgyn in Völuspá; the Prologue instead makes him Trór, grandson of Priam. Our page says so. Gylfaginning 9 Þrymskviða 1 Völuspá 55-56 Prose Edda, Prologue
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says Thor fathered Þrúðr 'with Sif'. The Eddas name Þrúðr as his daughter but never name her mother. Skáldskaparmál 4
Loki 3 findings
Father Fárbauti, mother Laufey or Nál, brothers Býleistr and Helblindi; wife Sigyn, son Nari/Narfi (and Váli); by Angrboða Fenrir, Jörmungandr, Hel; mother of Sleipnir. Agrees with the Eddas, Wikipedia and Wikidata. (Wikipedia: Loki (rev 1373790847))
- The sources disagree. Which son became the wolf and whose entrails bound Loki: Snorri has Váli turned wolf and Narfi's guts used; the Lokasenna prose has Narfi turned wolf. Our page says so. Gylfaginning 50 Lokasenna, prose 7
- Our error, corrected. Body says the Lokasenna prose binds him 'with the bowels of Váli'. That is Bellows's reading; the Old Norse prose names the son Nari (as Wikipedia reports). Say so rather than present Váli as the poem's word. Lokasenna, prose 7
- Wikidata not supported by the Eddas. Wikidata makes Loki Odin's sibling. Lokasenna has them blood-brothers by oath, not siblings; his brothers are Býleistr and Helblindi. Lokasenna 9 Gylfaginning 33
Baldr 2 findings
Father Odin, mother Frigg; wife Nanna daughter of Nep; son Forseti; brothers Höðr, Hermóðr, Váli, Thor. Agrees with the Eddas, Wikipedia and Wikidata. (Wikipedia: Baldr (rev 1376572028))
- The sources disagree. Völuspá and Baldrs draumar name only Höðr as the killer; Snorri makes Loki the instigator who guides his hand, and Loki boasts of it in Lokasenna. Our page says so. Völuspá 33 Baldrs draumar 9 Gylfaginning 49 Lokasenna 28
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says Frigg had the same dream as Baldr and that Loki 'made a magical spear' of the mistletoe. Snorri says only Baldr dreamed, and Loki simply pulled up the sprout and gave it to Höðr as a 'wand' to shoot. Gylfaginning 49
Frigg 2 findings
Wife of Odin; mother of Baldr; daughter of Fjörgynn (Skáldskaparmál). Agrees with the Eddas, Wikipedia and Wikidata. (Wikipedia: Frigg (rev 1372114178))
- The sources disagree. The line 'Frigg knows all fates, though she says them not' is Freyja's in Lokasenna but Snorri introduces it as spoken by Odin. Our source note says Freyja speaks it 'in the poem Snorri quotes' without noting that Snorri gives it to Odin. Gylfaginning 20 Lokasenna 29
- The sources disagree. Völuspá calls Frigg 'Hlin'; Snorri lists Hlín as a separate goddess in Frigg's service. Our page says so. Völuspá 53 Gylfaginning 35
Freyja 4 findings
Father Njörðr, brother Freyr; husband Óðr, daughter Hnoss (Gylfaginning 35, Skáldskaparmál 20). Agrees with the Eddas and Wikipedia; mother unnamed (Lokasenna implies Njörðr's sister bore Freyr). (Wikipedia: Freyja (rev 1370311846))
- Agree. Family, the half-share of the slain, the cat chariot, Óðr's absence and gold tears all match Wikipedia and the cited passages. Grímnismál 14 Gylfaginning 24 Gylfaginning 35
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia calls Freyr her 'twin brother'; Snorri says only that Njörðr begot two children, a son and a daughter. Gylfaginning 24
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says Freyja 'turns Óttar into her boar'. In Hyndluljóð that is Hyndla's accusation; Freyja denies it and says the boar is Hildisvíni, made by dwarfs. Hyndluljóð 6 Hyndluljóð 7
- Wikidata not supported by the Eddas. Wikidata gives Freyja as Sigyn's mother. Nothing in the Eddas supports this; Sigyn's parents are never named. Gylfaginning 33
Freyr 2 findings
Father Njörðr, sister Freyja; wife Gerðr daughter of Gymir; mother unnamed (Loki says Njörðr's sister). Agrees with the Eddas, Wikipedia and Wikidata. (Wikipedia: Freyr (rev 1376208354))
- The sources disagree. Skírnismál has Skírnir threaten Gerðr with the sword and curse her with runes; Snorri's retelling has a plain wooing. Our page says so. Skírnismál 23 Gylfaginning 37
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia calls Freyr Freyja's 'twin brother' and his mother Njörðr's 'twin sister'. The Eddas say neither: Snorri gives just a son and a daughter, and Lokasenna only 'thy sister'. Gylfaginning 24 Lokasenna 36
Njörðr 3 findings
Children Freyr and Freyja (Gylfaginning 24, Skáldskaparmál 6); wife Skaði, who leaves him; their mother unnamed (Loki: his sister). Agrees with the Eddas, Wikipedia and Wikidata. (Wikipedia: Njörðr (rev 1381661031))
- Agree. Hostage exchange for Hœnir, Nóatún, the feet-choosing and the failed nine-nights marriage all match Wikipedia and the cited passages. Gylfaginning 23 Vafþrúðnismál 39 Skáldskaparmál 1
- The sources disagree. In the Old Norse Skírnismál the opening stanza is spoken by Skaði, who calls Freyr 'my son' (Wikipedia reports this); Bellows's prose gives the request to Njörðr and drops the speaker. Lokasenna instead makes Freyr the son of Njörðr's sister. Our pages could note this in `uncertain`. Skírnismál, prose 1 Skírnismál 1-2 Lokasenna 36
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says he fathered Freyr and Freyja 'by his unnamed twin sister'. Lokasenna says only 'thy sister' and only of Freyr; 'twin' is in no source. Lokasenna 36
Týr 4 findings
Father Odin (Skáldskaparmál) or the giant Hymir (Hymiskviða); mother unnamed, 'fair with gold', in Hymir's hall; wife unnamed (Lokasenna 40). Our page, Wikipedia and Wikidata all record both fathers. (Wikipedia: Týr (rev 1377847377))
- The sources disagree. Týr is 'Son of Odin' in Skáldskaparmál but calls Hymir 'my father' in Hymiskviða. Our page and Wikipedia both say so. Skáldskaparmál 9 Hymiskviða 5
- The sources disagree. Snorri has Týr and Garmr kill each other at Ragnarök; Völuspá has Garm howl but never names Týr. Our page says so. Gylfaginning 51 Völuspá 44
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says Týr is 'foretold of being consumed' by Garmr. Snorri says they kill each other; no source has Garmr eat him. Gylfaginning 51
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia's paraphrase of Gylfaginning reads 'he is now considered a promoter of settlements between people'; the text says he is not called a reconciler of men ('now' for 'not' reverses the sense). Gylfaginning 25
Heimdall 3 findings
Son of nine mothers, all sisters (Gylfaginning 27; named in Hyndluljóð 37-38 if that god is Heimdall); Skáldskaparmál 8 adds 'Heimdallr also is son of Odin'. Our page and Wikidata (Odin as father) agree; Wikipedia gives only the nine mothers. (Wikipedia: Heimdall (rev 1380978046))
- The sources disagree. Snorri's Skáldskaparmál alone makes Odin his father; elsewhere he is only the son of nine sisters. Our page says so. Skáldskaparmál 8 Gylfaginning 27
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia's summary of Skáldskaparmál 8 lists the kennings but omits the chapter's statement that Heimdallr is Odin's son. Skáldskaparmál 8
- Agree. Watchman at Bifröst, Gjallarhorn, Rígr, the seal-fight with Loki over Brísingamen and their mutual killing at Ragnarök match Wikipedia and the texts; the horn/hearing ambiguity of Völuspá 27 is noted on both. Rígsþula, prose 1 Skáldskaparmál 16 Gylfaginning 51 Völuspá 27
Hel 3 findings
Father Loki, mother Angrboða; siblings Fenrir and Jörmungandr (Gylfaginning 34). Agrees with Wikipedia and Wikidata (which also lists Sleipnir, a half-sibling through Loki). (Wikipedia: Hel (mythological being) (rev 1378912254))
- Our error, corrected. Body calls Hel 'the youngest of the three children'. Snorri only lists her third; he says nothing of age. Gylfaginning 34
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says the Poetic Edda calls Hel a daughter of Loki. No Eddic poem does; the relation is Snorri's (Gylfaginning 34) and skaldic. Völuspá only puts 'the people of Hel' in Loki's ship. Gylfaginning 34 Völuspá 51
- Agree. Rule over those dead of sickness or old age, the half-dark appearance and her condition for Baldr's return match Wikipedia and Snorri. Gylfaginning 34 Gylfaginning 49
Fenrir 5 findings
Son of Loki and the giantess Angrboða; siblings Jörmungandr and Hel (gylfaginning 34, hyndluljod 42). Agrees with Wikipedia. Wikidata's sibling Sleipnir is a half-brother through Loki only (hyndluljod 42), not recorded on our page. (Wikipedia: Fenrir (rev 1377425253))
- The sources disagree. Víðarr kills him with a sword to the heart in Völuspá, by tearing the jaws apart in Vafþrúðnismál and Gylfaginning. Our page says so. Völuspá 54 Vafþrúðnismál 53 Gylfaginning 51
- The sources disagree. Vafþrúðnismál has Fenrir himself snatch the sun; Snorri gives that to the wolf Sköll. Our page says so. Vafþrúðnismál 46-47 Gylfaginning 12
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says that 'in both the Poetic Edda and Prose Edda' Fenrir is the father of Sköll and Hati. Neither Edda says so: Hati is only 'son of Hróðvitnir', and Sköll's parentage is never given. Our page treats this as an inference, which is correct. Grímnismál 39 Gylfaginning 12 Lokasenna 39
- Wikidata not supported by the Eddas. The Wikidata edge Fenrir → children Sköll and Hati rests on equating Hróðvitnir with Fenrir. The texts don't state it, and it covers only Hati. Grímnismál 39
- Our error, corrected. Body calls Fenrir 'the eldest' of Loki's three children. Snorri only names him first and says nothing about birth order. Gylfaginning 34
Jörmungandr 3 findings
Son of Loki and Angrboða; siblings Fenrir and Hel (gylfaginning 34); 'brother of Fenrir' (hymiskvida 24). Agrees with Wikipedia and Wikidata. Wikidata's sibling Sleipnir is a half-brother through Loki only. (Wikipedia: Jörmungandr (rev 1381880816))
- The sources disagree. On the fishing trip, Hymiskviða has Thor smite the serpent's head before it sinks; Snorri has Hymir cut the line, and reports that Thor struck off its head but says it still lives. Our page says so. Hymiskviða 24-25 Gylfaginning 48
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says Hymiskviða 'has a similar ending' to Snorri's cut line. The poem has no cut line: Thor strikes with the hammer, and then the serpent sinks. Hymiskviða 24-25
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says that at Ragnarök the serpent 'releases its tail from its mouth', citing Snorri. Snorri says only that it stirs in giant wrath and comes up on the land. Gylfaginning 51
Sleipnir 2 findings
Born to Loki (as a mare) by the stallion Svaðilfari (gylfaginning 42, hyndluljod 42); Odin's horse. Agrees with Wikipedia and Wikidata. Wikidata's siblings Fenrir, Jörmungandr and Hel are half-siblings through Loki, which the texts imply but don't state. (Wikipedia: Sleipnir (rev 1355935498))
- Agree. Birth, eight legs, grey coat, the ride to Hel with Hermóðr, Odin's ride to Niflhel and to Hrungnir, and the runes on his teeth all match the Eddas and Wikipedia. Gylfaginning 42 Gylfaginning 49 Baldrs draumar 2 Skáldskaparmál 17 Sigrdrífumál 15
- Our error, corrected. Body says the giant builder 'offered to wall Ásgard in a single winter'. He offered three seasons, and the gods held him to one winter. Gylfaginning 42
Skaði 3 findings
Daughter of Þjazi (skaldskaparmal 1, gylfaginning 23); wife of Njörðr, from whom she separated (gylfaginning 23, skaldskaparmal 6). Agrees with Wikipedia and Wikidata. The later marriage to Odin is in Ynglinga saga only, and our page labels it so. (Wikipedia: Skaði (rev 1368195546))
- The sources disagree. Snorri has Odin throw Þjazi's eyes into the sky; in Hárbarðsljóð Thor claims it. Our page says so. Skáldskaparmál 1 Hárbarðsljóð 19
- Agree. The choice of a husband by his feet, the nine nights in each home, and Skaði fastening the snake over Loki (Snorri and the closing prose of Lokasenna) all agree with Wikipedia. Gylfaginning 23 Gylfaginning 50 Lokasenna, prose 7
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia has Skaði ask Skírnir to speak to 'their son Freyr' in Skírnismál 1, following the manuscript's speaker label. In the hosted Bellows text the stanza has no speaker and the prose says Njörðr sent Skírnir. No Edda otherwise names Freyr's mother, so Skaði as his mother rests on that one label. Skírnismál, prose 1 Skírnismál 1
Iðunn 1 finding
Wife of Bragi (gylfaginning 26, lokasenna p1, skaldskaparmal 22). An unnamed brother, killed by someone she later embraced, appears only in Loki's taunt (lokasenna 17). Agrees with Wikipedia and Wikidata. (Wikipedia: Iðunn (rev 1299098484))
- Agree. The apples, the abduction by Þjazi, the nut, the Haustlöng verses, and her lines in Lokasenna (stanzas 16–18) all match the texts and Wikipedia. Gylfaginning 26 Skáldskaparmál 1 Skáldskaparmál 22 Lokasenna 16-18
Bragi 3 findings
Husband of Iðunn (gylfaginning 26, lokasenna p1); son of Odin in Skáldskaparmál only (skaldskaparmal 10). Agrees with Wikipedia. Wikidata's siblings (Baldr, Thor, Höðr, Hermóðr, Váli, Víðarr) follow from that single kenning and aren't stated anywhere. (Wikipedia: Bragi (rev 1353696045))
- Our error, corrected. Our page attributes the 'Hermódr and Bragi ... Go ye to greet the Prince' lines to Eiríksmál, in both the body and the source note. Snorri introduces them as 'what Eyvindr sang': they are from Eyvindr's Hákonarmál, the welcome of Hákon the Good. In Eiríksmál, Odin sends Sigmundr and Sinfjötli. Skáldskaparmál 2
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says that in Lokasenna 'Bragi is said to have killed her [Iðunn's] brother'. Loki says only that she embraced her brother's slayer and never names him. Lokasenna 17
- Agree. Lokasenna (seat refused, gifts offered, taunted as a coward and 'adorner of benches'), 'Bragi of skalds', the runes on Bragi's tongue, and the god-or-poet question all match Wikipedia. Our page presents the Bragi Boddason link as scholarly debate. Lokasenna 8 Lokasenna 12 Lokasenna 15 Grímnismál 44 Sigrdrífumál 16
Sif 4 findings
Wife of Thor (lokasenna p1, skaldskaparmal 20); mother of Ullr by an unnamed father (gylfaginning 31) and of Þrúðr (skaldskaparmal 20). Agrees with Wikipedia. The Prologue also gives Thor and Sif a son Lóriði, which our page doesn't mention. (Wikipedia: Sif (rev 1373077388))
- Wikidata not supported by the Eddas. Wikidata makes Sif the mother of Móði. No Edda names Móði's mother. Thor is 'father of Móði' and 'Sif's mate' in the same poem, which may be the source of the edge, but it isn't stated. Hymiskviða 35
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says that 'in both the Poetic Edda and the Prose Edda' she is known for her golden hair. The poems never mention her hair: it appears only in Snorri (the Prologue and Skáldskaparmál). Prose Edda, Prologue Skáldskaparmál 35
- Our error, corrected. Body says that in Lokasenna 'she alone tries to placate' Loki. Bragi offers gifts and Iðunn tries to calm the quarrel too; Sif's claim is only that she alone is blameless. Lokasenna 12 Lokasenna 18 Lokasenna 53
- Agree. The shorn hair and the sons of Ívaldi, 'Sif's mate' in the poems, Hrungnir's boast, Loki's and Hárbarðr's adultery taunts (listed as uncertain), and the Síbil of the Prologue all match the texts. Skáldskaparmál 35 Skáldskaparmál 17 Lokasenna 54 Hárbarðsljóð 48
Víðarr 3 findings
Son of Odin (skaldskaparmal 11, voluspa 54) and the giantess Gríðr (skaldskaparmal 18); survives Ragnarök with his brother Váli (vafthrudnismal 51, gylfaginning 53). Agrees with Wikipedia and Wikidata. (Wikipedia: Víðarr (rev 1375563501))
- The sources disagree. He kills Fenrir with a sword to the heart in Völuspá, tears the jaws apart in Vafþrúðnismál, and in Snorri stands on the lower jaw and tears the upper. Our page lays out all three. Völuspá 54 Vafþrúðnismál 53 Gylfaginning 51
- The sources disagree. His shoe is a 'thick shoe' of gathered leather scraps in Gylfaginning, but 'the Iron Shoe' in the Skáldskaparmál kennings. Our page notes the mismatch. Gylfaginning 51 Skáldskaparmál 11
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia reports a claim from 'some mythologists' that Gríðr made the shoe to protect him from fire. No source says so. It also paraphrases Dumézil as having Víðarr urge the gods to give Loki a seat, but in Lokasenna Odin gives that order and Víðarr obeys. Gylfaginning 51 Lokasenna 10 Lokasenna, prose 4
Váli 3 findings
Son of Odin and Rindr (gylfaginning 30, baldrs-draumar 11, skaldskaparmal 12); brother of Baldr (voluspa 33, hyndluljod 30); stepson of Frigg; kills his half-brother Höðr (skaldskaparmal 12). Agrees with Wikipedia and Wikidata. Wikidata's other siblings follow from Odin's fatherhood. (Wikipedia: Váli (rev 1370491889))
- The sources disagree. Loki's sons in the binding scene: Snorri turns Váli into a wolf, which tears apart Narfi, whose guts bind Loki; the closing prose of Lokasenna binds Loki with Vali's bowels and turns Narfi into the wolf. Our page notes this and keeps Loki's son apart from Odin's. Gylfaginning 50 Lokasenna, prose 7
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says Odin's son Váli avenged Baldr by 'binding Loki with the entrails of his son Narfi', and that a son of Loki called Váli is 'attested nowhere but one line of the Prose Edda'. In the Eddas Odin's son kills Höðr only. The gods bind Loki, and a Váli son of Loki appears in both Gylfaginning and the closing prose of Lokasenna. Gylfaginning 50 Lokasenna, prose 7 Skáldskaparmál 12
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says Váli 'grew to full adulthood within one day'. The poems say only that he fought when one night old. Baldrs draumar 11 Völuspá 33
Höðr 4 findings
Son of Odin (skaldskaparmal 13), brother of Baldr; mother never named; killed by his half-brother Váli (skaldskaparmal 12). Agrees with Wikipedia. (Wikipedia: Höðr (rev 1346894239))
- The sources disagree. The poems name Höðr alone as Baldr's killer and give no motive; Snorri makes him Loki's unwitting tool. Our page says so. Völuspá 33 Baldrs draumar 9 Gylfaginning 49
- The sources disagree. Höðr returns from Hel with Baldr after Ragnarök in Völuspá and Gylfaginning; Vafþrúðnismál's list of survivors leaves both out. Our page gives only the return. Völuspá 62 Gylfaginning 53 Vafþrúðnismál 51
- Wikidata not supported by the Eddas. Wikidata makes Nanna Höðr's spouse. That comes from Saxo's Hotherus. In the Eddas Nanna is Baldr's wife. Gylfaginning 49
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says that 'according to the Prose Edda and the Poetic Edda' Frigg made all things swear not to harm Baldr except the mistletoe. The oath and Loki's part are Snorri's alone; the poems have only Höðr and the branch. It also says Váli 'grew to adulthood within a day', which the poems don't say. Gylfaginning 49 Völuspá 33 Baldrs draumar 11
Ymir 4 findings
No parents; a man and woman grow under his arm and his feet beget a six-headed son; via Aurgelmir, grandfather of Bergelmir through Þrúðgelmir. Agrees with Wikipedia and Wikidata. (Wikipedia: Ymir (rev 1381044089))
- The sources disagree. Vafþrúðnismál gives the Þrúðgelmir/Bergelmir line to Aurgelmir and never names him Ymir; the identification is Snorri's. Our page says so in `uncertain`; the family edge to Þrúðgelmir rests on it. Vafþrúðnismál 29 Gylfaginning 5
- The sources disagree. The body-parts lists differ: Vafþrúðnismál has mountains from his bones, Grímnismál hills and trees from his hair, Snorri adds stones from his teeth and a dwarf under each corner of the sky. Our page says so. Vafþrúðnismál 21 Grímnismál 40 Gylfaginning 8
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says a male and a female grew 'from his left and right arm'; Snorri (Brodeur) says both grew under his left hand. Gylfaginning 5
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia's lead gives Brimir and Bláinn as other names of Ymir as fact; Völuspá only names Brimir's blood and Blain's legs as the stuff of the dwarfs, and the identification with Ymir is a scholarly reading. Völuspá 9
Þjazi 2 findings
Father Ölvaldi (Alvaldi in Hárbarðsljóð), daughter Skaði; kin to Gerðr's family in Hyndluljóð. Agrees with Eddas, Wikipedia and Wikidata. (Wikipedia: Þjazi (rev 1368179386))
- The sources disagree. Who threw Þjazi's eyes into the sky: Odin, as atonement to Skaði (Skáldskaparmál), or Thor, who also claims the killing (Hárbarðsljóð). Our page and Wikipedia both say so. Skáldskaparmál 1 Hárbarðsljóð 19
- Agree. Abduction of Iðunn, death by fire at Ásgarðr's wall and Loki's boast in Lokasenna are all as the texts and Wikipedia tell them. Skáldskaparmál 1 Lokasenna 50
Gerðr 2 findings
Father Gymir, mother Aurboða, husband Freyr (Hyndluljóð 32, Gylfaginning 37). Agrees with Eddas, Wikipedia and Wikidata. Their son Fjölnir (Wikipedia) is from Ynglinga saga, not the Eddas, and our page rightly leaves him out. (Wikipedia: Gerðr (rev 1369006118))
- The sources disagree. Skírnismál wins her by threats and a rune-curse; Snorri says only that Skírnir 'wooed the woman for him, and received her promise'. Our page says so. Skírnismál 26 Skírnismál 37 Gylfaginning 37
- Agree. Her brother's killer is unnamed (Skírnismál 16); our page keeps the link to Beli as unproven, which is right. Skírnismál 16
Sigyn 2 findings
Wife of Loki, mother of Nari or Narfi (Gylfaginning 33). Agrees with Eddas and Wikipedia. (Wikipedia: Sigyn (rev 1282676327))
- The sources disagree. Which son becomes a wolf and whose bowels bind Loki: in Gylfaginning Váli becomes a wolf and kills Narfi; Lokasenna's prose (Bellows) binds him with Váli's bowels and turns Narfi into a wolf. Wikipedia, following the Old Norse, has Nari's guts and Narfi the wolf. Gylfaginning 50 Lokasenna, prose 7
- Wikidata not supported by the Eddas. Wikidata makes Freyja Sigyn's mother and Lofn, Nanna, Syn and Vár her sisters; no Edda says this. Snorri calls Freyja the mother of Hnoss, not of Sigyn. Gylfaginning 33 Skáldskaparmál 20
Ægir 3 findings
Wife Rán, nine daughters (the waves). Agrees with Eddas, Wikipedia and Wikidata. (Wikipedia: Ægir (rev 1379986440))
- The sources disagree. What Ægir is: a 'mountain-dweller' (giant) in Hymiskviða, 'a certain man … deeply versed in black magic' in Snorri. Our page says so; Wikipedia simply calls him a jötunn. Hymiskviða 2 Skáldskaparmál 1
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says the Lokasenna prose and Skáldskaparmál state that Ægir is 'also known as Gymir, the father of the jötunn Gerðr'. Both say only that Ægir and Gymir are one; neither mentions Gerðr. Lokasenna, prose 1 Skáldskaparmál 25
- Our error, corrected. Body cites {skaldskaparmal 33} for 'their nine daughters are the waves'; that chapter gives only the number. The wave-names are in Skáldskaparmál 25 (and 60). Skáldskaparmál 33 Skáldskaparmál 25
Sigurðr 6 findings
Father Sigmundr, mother Hjördís; half-brothers Sinfjötli and Helgi; wife Guðrún; children Svanhildr and (Snorri) Sigmundr. Agrees with Eddas and Wikipedia. (Wikipedia: Sigurd (rev 1368566005))
- The sources disagree. Where he died: south of the Rhine out of doors (Brot), riding from the Thing (Guðrúnarkviða II), or in bed beside Guðrún (Short Lay, Snorri, Hamðismál); the prose note after Brot admits the split. Our page lays this out. Brot af Sigurðarkviðu 5 Guðrúnarkviða II 4 Sigurðarkviða hin skamma 24 Brot af Sigurðarkviðu, prose 1
- The sources disagree. Gotthormr, his killer, is Gunnarr's 'younger brother' in the Short Lay, but 'not of Gjuki's race' in Hyndluljóð and Gjúki's stepson in Snorri. Sigurðarkviða hin skamma 20 Hyndluljóð 27 Skáldskaparmál 41
- Wikidata not supported by the Eddas. Wikidata makes Brynhildr his spouse. In the Eddas she is Gunnarr's wife; Sigurðr only swears oaths with her (Grípisspá) and shares her bed with a sword between them in Gunnarr's shape. The marriage/betrothal is Völsunga saga's. Grípisspá 31 Sigurðarkviða hin skamma 4
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says Guðrúnarkviða I has him killed going to a thing; that is Guðrúnarkviða II (the 'old Guthrun lay' of the prose note). Guðrúnarkviða I does not say where he died. Guðrúnarkviða II 4 Brot af Sigurðarkviðu, prose 1
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says Brot has Guthorm kill him 'in the forest'; the poem says only 'south of the Rhine', and the forest is the 'German men' version in the prose note. Brot af Sigurðarkviðu 5 Brot af Sigurðarkviðu, prose 1
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia's summary of Grípisspá has Sigurd forget Brynhild through a potion; Grípisspá speaks only of Grímhildr's wiles. The potion comes from Völsunga saga. Grípisspá 31 Grípisspá 33
Brynhildr 4 findings
Daughter of Buðli, sister of Atli and Oddrún, fostered by Heimir; wife of Gunnarr. Agrees with Eddas and Wikipedia. (Wikipedia: Brunhild (rev 1371130388))
- The sources disagree. Is she the valkyrie Sigurðr wakes? Sigrdrífumál's prose calls her Sigrdrífa; Helreið and Snorri make her Brynhildr; Grípisspá keeps the sleeper and Heimir's Brynhild apart. Our page says so. Sigrdrífumál, prose 3 Helreið Brynhildar 8 Skáldskaparmál 41 Grípisspá 15 Grípisspá 27
- The sources disagree. Nights with the sword between them: three in Grípisspá, eight in Helreið. One shared pyre (Short Lay, Snorri) or two (Helreið prose). Why she married: Atli's threat (Short Lay) or her city taken by force (Oddrúnargrátr). Our page gives all of these. Grípisspá 42 Helreið Brynhildar 12 Sigurðarkviða hin skamma 64 Helreið Brynhildar, prose 1 Sigurðarkviða hin skamma 37 Oddrúnargrátr 17
- Wikidata not supported by the Eddas. Wikidata makes Sigurðr her spouse; in the Eddas her husband is Gunnarr. Skáldskaparmál 41 Brot af Sigurðarkviðu 19
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says that in Snorri Atli tells the suitors she will only marry a man who rides through the flame; Snorri says she herself had vowed it. Skáldskaparmál 41
Guðrún 4 findings
Daughter of Gjúki and Grímhildr; sister of Gunnarr, Högni and Gullrönd; husbands Sigurðr, Atli, Jónakr; children Svanhildr (and Sigmundr) by Sigurðr, Erpr and Eitill by Atli, Hamðir and Sörli by Jónakr. Agrees with Eddas, Wikipedia and Wikidata. (Wikipedia: Gudrun (rev 1374939420))
- The sources disagree. Atlakviða and Atlamál differ: in Atlamál she fights with a sword and kills Atli's brother, and kills Atli with Högni's son, then gives him a ship and coffin; in Atlakviða she kills him alone in bed and burns the hall. Our page says so. Atlamál in grœnlenzku 47 Atlamál in grœnlenzku 84 Atlakviða 44-45
- The sources disagree. Erpr: the Guðrúnarhvöt prose makes him her son by Jónakr, but in Hamðismál his brothers call him a bastard. Our page gives only the prose version and should note the conflict. Guðrúnarhvöt, prose 1 Hamðismál 16
- The sources disagree. Gotthormr is a full brother in the Short Lay but 'not of Gjuki's race' in Hyndluljóð and a stepson of Gjúki in Snorri. Sigurðarkviða hin skamma 20 Hyndluljóð 27 Skáldskaparmál 41
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia says that in Atlakviða she burns the hall 'killing everyone within, including herself', and its lead says she is killed in the end. Atlakviða says only that she brought death to three kings 'ere herself she died', and the Guðrúnarhvöt prose has her survive Atli and marry again. Atlakviða 46 Guðrúnarhvöt, prose 1
Atli 4 findings
Son of Buðli; brother of Brynhildr and Oddrún; husband of Guðrún; sons Erpr and Eitill. Agrees with Eddas and Wikipedia; Wikidata lacks Oddrún. (Wikipedia: Attila (rev 1376552589); English Wikipedia has no article on the legendary Atli, so the legend was checked against the Gudrun and Brunhild articles)
- The sources disagree. His motive: Atlakviða centres on the Niflungs' hoard; the prose of Dráp Niflunga says he blamed the Gjúkungs for Brynhildr's death and the marriage to Guðrún was a settlement. Our page gives both. Atlakviða 28 Dráp Niflunga, prose 1
- The sources disagree. His death: stabbed by Guðrún in bed in a burning hall (Atlakviða), or killed by Guðrún and Högni's son and given a ship and coffin (Atlamál). Our page says so. Atlakviða 44 Atlamál in grœnlenzku 84 Atlamál in grœnlenzku 97
- Our error, corrected. Body says 'Atlamál also contradicts the other poems about Guðrún's mother'. No other poem tells how Grímhildr died, so there is nothing to contradict; Atlamál simply adds the murder. Atlamál in grœnlenzku 53
- Wikipedia differs from the Eddas. Wikipedia's Gudrun article gives only the hoard motive ('Atli desires the hoard'), leaving out the Brynhildr feud of Dráp Niflunga. Dráp Niflunga, prose 1
Where the sources disagree
The Eddas were written down by different hands, at different times, from different traditions, and they often contradict each other. These are the disagreements found while writing the site; each page gives the details.
Creation and the cosmos
- The beginning. Völuspá says "Of old was the age when Ymir lived" Völuspá 3; Snorri quotes the same line as "Erst was the age when nothing was" Gylfaginning 4.
- The world from Ymir's body. In Völuspá the sons of Burr lift the land with no mention of a corpse Völuspá 4; Vafþrúðnismál, Grímnismál and Snorri build earth, sea and sky from Ymir Vafþrúðnismál 21 Grímnismál 40-41 Gylfaginning 8.
- Bergelmir's flood. Snorri drowns the frost-giants in Ymir's blood and saves Bergelmir on a boat Gylfaginning 7; the stanza he relies on mentions the boat but no flood Vafþrúðnismál 35.
- The first humans. Odin, Hœnir and Lóðurr give life to Ask and Embla in Völuspá Völuspá 18; in Snorri the makers are the sons of Borr, Odin, Vili and Vé, and only Snorri says the two were trees Gylfaginning 9.
- The roots of Yggdrasil. Hel, the frost-giants and mankind Grímnismál 31, or the Æsir, the frost-giants and Niflheim Gylfaginning 15.
- Niflheim. As a primeval world of ice the name is Snorri's Gylfaginning 4; the poems know Niflhel, a place of the dead Baldrs draumar 2 Vafþrúðnismál 43.
- Who swallows the sun. Fenrir Vafþrúðnismál 46-47; Sköll Grímnismál 39; in Snorri, Sköll chases the sun and Hati the moon Gylfaginning 12.
- The bridge. The poems call it Bilröst Grímnismál 44; Snorri, quoting the same stanza, Bifröst Gylfaginning 41. Snorri has the sons of Múspell break it Gylfaginning 51; in Fáfnismál it breaks under the gods' own riding Fáfnismál 15.
Gods and their families
- Týr's father. Odin Skáldskaparmál 9, or the giant Hymir, whom Týr calls "my father" Hymiskviða 5.
- Jörð. Odin's wife and also his daughter Gylfaginning 9, or the daughter of Night Gylfaginning 10.
- Thor and Odin. Thor is Odin's son Gylfaginning 9; Snorri's own Prologue makes Odin a distant descendant of Thor Prose Edda, Prologue.
- Hlín. A goddess who serves Frigg Gylfaginning 35, or a name of Frigg herself Völuspá 53.
- Kvasir. Made from the spittle of the Æsir and Vanir and murdered for the mead of poetry Skáldskaparmál 1, yet alive later to find Loki's net Gylfaginning 50.
- Gefjun. "A virgin" Gylfaginning 35, but with four ox-sons by a giant Gylfaginning 1.
- The number of the Æsir. Snorri says twelve Gylfaginning 20, then lists more.
- Who killed Þjazi. The Æsir together, with Odin throwing his eyes into the sky Skáldskaparmál 1; Thor claims both deeds Hárbarðsljóð 19.
- Whose falcon-shape Loki borrows. Freyja's Þrymskviða 3 Skáldskaparmál 1, or Frigg's Skáldskaparmál 18.
- Skaði. Snorri sends her back to the mountains Gylfaginning 23; Lokasenna still seats her beside Njörðr Lokasenna, prose 1.
- Who reaches Valhalla. Freyja chooses half the slain Grímnismál 14 Gylfaginning 24; elsewhere all who fall go to Odin Gylfaginning 38.
Thor's journeys
- Why Thor fishes for the World Serpent. To fetch a kettle for Ægir, with Týr Hymiskviða 1-5, or alone, to avenge Útgarða-Loki's tricks Gylfaginning 48.
- The Serpent's fate. Thor strikes its head and it sinks Hymiskviða 24; Hymir cuts the line, and Snorri thinks the Serpent still lives Gylfaginning 48.
- The lame goat. Þjálfi split the bone Gylfaginning 44; Hymiskviða blames Loki Hymiskviða 38.
- The giant's glove. Skrýmir's Gylfaginning 45 Lokasenna 62, or Fjalar's Hárbarðsljóð 26.
- Freyr and Gerðr. Threats and a runic curse in the poem Skírnismál 23-37; a peaceful wooing in Snorri Gylfaginning 37.
Baldr, Loki and the end
- The mistletoe. "Full grown in strength" Völuspá 32, or "too young" to be asked for an oath Gylfaginning 49.
- Loki and Baldr's death. Neither Völuspá nor Baldrs draumar names Loki; Snorri does Gylfaginning 49, and Loki boasts of it in Lokasenna Lokasenna 28.
- The binding of Loki. Bound with the entrails of his son Váli while Narfi becomes a wolf Lokasenna, prose 7, or the reverse Gylfaginning 50; bound in "wet woods" Völuspá 35 or in a cave Gylfaginning 50.
- Who steers the ships. Hrymr comes from the east and Loki steers a ship from the north Völuspá 50-51; in Snorri's prose Hrymr steers Naglfar Gylfaginning 51.
- How Víðarr kills Fenrir. A sword to the heart Völuspá 54, or tearing the jaws apart Vafþrúðnismál 53; Snorri has both Gylfaginning 51.
- The last battlefield. The plain Vígríðr Vafþrúðnismál 18, or the isle Óskópnir Fáfnismál 15.
- Survivors. Baldr, Höðr and Hœnir Völuspá 62-63; Víðarr, Váli, Móði and Magni Vafþrúðnismál 51; Snorri has all of them Gylfaginning 53. Líf and Lífþrasir hide from "the mighty winter" Vafþrúðnismál 45 or from Surtr's fire Gylfaginning 53, and are not in Völuspá.
- Gimlé and Náströnd. In Völuspá Gimlé belongs to the new world Völuspá 64; Snorri has it standing now Gylfaginning 17. Völuspá places Náströnd before Ragnarök Völuspá 38-39, Snorri after it Gylfaginning 52.
The heroes
- Sigrdrífa and Brynhildr. The sleeping valkyrie is Sigrdrífa Sigrdrífumál, prose 3; Helreið Brynhildar tells the same story as Brynhildr's own Helreið Brynhildar 8, and Snorri makes them one Skáldskaparmál 41.
- Where Sigurðr died. Out of doors south of the Rhine Brot af Sigurðarkviðu 5; riding to the Thing Guðrúnarkviða II 4; in bed beside Guðrún Sigurðarkviða hin skamma 20-22. The manuscript's own prose note discusses the conflict Brot af Sigurðarkviðu, prose 1.
- Andvari. Caught with Rán's net Reginsmál, prose 1, or by hand Skáldskaparmál 39.
- Reginn's sword. Rithil Fáfnismál, prose 4, or Refill Skáldskaparmál 40.
- Gunnarr's harp. Played with his hands Atlakviða 34, or with his toes Atlamál in grœnlenzku 62.
- Atli's death. Stabbed in bed while the hall burns Atlakviða 44-45, or killed by Guðrún and Högni's son Atlamál in grœnlenzku 84.
- Völundr. A son of a king of the Finns Völundarkviða, prose 1, or "master of elves" Völundarkviða 13.
How the pages were written
The summaries, retellings, diagrams and family tree are original to this site. They were drafted with the help of AI writing tools working from the hosted texts, then checked passage by passage: every claim about what a medieval source says cites the passage, and the quotations are verified by the build as described above. Scholarly interpretations are labelled as such; modern culture (Wagner, Marvel, video games) is kept to a separate, labelled note. Facts from outside the two Eddas (Saxo, the sagas, runestones) are mentioned only briefly and never quoted. If a page is wrong, the error is ours, not the translators'.
The site is rebuilt every week: Wikidata is fetched again, the comparison is recomputed, and every check runs again.
Illustrations
Illustrations are 18th-, 19th- and early 20th-century works on Wikimedia Commons, marked public domain there, chosen by eye and re-encoded on this server. Many come from illustrated editions of the Eddas: Lorenz Frølich's drawings for the Danish Den ældre Edda (1895), W. G. Collingwood's for Olive Bray's translation (1908), Emil Doepler's Walhall (1905), and Johannes Gehrts's and Carl Emil Doepler's book illustrations of the 1880s. They reflect their artists' times as much as the myths: winged helmets, for instance, are a 19th-century invention.